EDUCATION
EDUCATION

The Diamond Guide.

Everything you need to know about cut, colour, clarity and carat — so you can choose with complete confidence.

Diamond Education

The 4Cs — at a glance.

Shape, Carat, Clarity, Colour and Cut. Understanding each one helps you make a decision you will be proud of — and lets you find the best diamond within any budget.

Diamond Shape

The shape of the stone

Shape is the most visually distinct characteristic of any diamond. It refers to the geometric outline of the stone as seen from above. Shape is personal — choose the one that moves you.

Round Most brilliant
Princess Modern edge
Emerald Step cut
Cushion Soft fire
Oval Elongates the hand
Heart Most romantic
Pear Unique point
Marquise Maximum length
Radiant Brilliant, rectangular
Square Emerald Squared step cut
Diamond Carat

Weight, not size — but closely related

Carat refers to the weight of a diamond (1 carat = 0.2 grams), not its diameter. Larger stones cost significantly more per carat. Below shows approximate top-view diameter for each weight in a round brilliant.

0.50 ct 5.1 mm
0.75 ct 5.8 mm
1.00 ct 6.4 mm
1.25 ct 7.0 mm
1.50 ct 7.4 mm
2.00 ct 8.1 mm
2.50 ct 8.6 mm
3.00 ct 9.3 mm
Diamond Clarity

Internal characteristics

Clarity grades describe the presence of internal inclusions and surface blemishes. Most inclusions are invisible to the naked eye. VS2 and SI1 are the sweet spot — eye-clean at a fraction of the cost of IF or VVS grades.

IF Internally Flawless
VVS1 Very Very Slight
VVS2 Very Very Slight
VS1 Very Slight
VS2 ★ Very Slight
Sweet spot
SI1 ★ Slight Inclusion
Best value
SI2 Slight Inclusion
I1 Included
Diamond Colour

The absence of colour

Diamond colour is graded D (completely colourless) to Z (noticeable yellow). The difference between adjacent grades is subtle. G and H are the practical sweet spot — nearly colourless to the eye, significantly less expensive than D–F.

D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Colourless D · E · F
Near Colourless G · H · I · J ★
Faint Yellow K · L · M
Very Light N – R
Light Yellow S – Z

★ G–H is where most DE clients land. Visually identical to D–F when set in white gold or platinum, at a meaningfully lower price.

Diamond Cut

The most important of the 4Cs

Cut grade describes how well a diamond's facets interact with light. A poorly cut diamond will look dull regardless of its colour or clarity. Always choose Excellent or Very Good cut. A well-cut diamond catches light across a room.

Shallow Light leaks through bottom

Too flat. Light exits through the sides and base rather than reflecting back through the top. Appears dull and glassy.

Ideal Maximum brilliance

Perfectly proportioned. Light enters, reflects off internal facets, and returns through the top as brilliance, fire, and scintillation.

Deep Light leaks through sides

Too steep. Light exits through the sides before completing its reflection path. The stone looks dark in the centre.

Honest Comparison

Both are
real diamonds.

Natural and lab-grown diamonds are chemically, physically, and optically identical. The difference is origin — and price. Here is what actually matters when you choose.

100% Real Diamond

Same chemical structure as a natural diamond. GIA and IGI certified.

60–80% Less Cost

Lab-grown diamonds cost significantly less per carat for the same grade.

More Stone

The same budget often gets you double the carat weight in lab-grown.

10/10 Hardness

Mohs scale hardness identical to natural. Indistinguishable to the eye.

Which would you choose?

Side by side

The same characteristics, graded by the same laboratories, on a different budget.

Natural Diamond Lab-Grown Diamond
Chemical composition Carbon (C) Carbon (C) — identical
Hardness (Mohs) 10 10 — identical
Brilliance & fire Full Full — identical
Certification GIA, IGI, AGS GIA, IGI — same labs
Origin Earth-mined
Billions of years
Laboratory grown
Weeks to months
Price (1ct G VS1) approx. R 95,000–R 130,000 approx. R 18,000–R 28,000
Resale value Moderate to strong Lower — a known trade-off
Detectability Natural Requires specialist equipment

Same budget. Two very different stones.

At R 65,000, this is what you can get with each option:

Lab-Grown 3.00 ct Round Brilliant
  • ColourD
  • ClarityVVS1
  • CutTriple Excellent
  • CertIGI Certified
≈ R 65,000 Prices are illustrative. Live pricing varies.
vs
Natural Diamond 0.70 ct Round Brilliant
  • ColourG
  • ClarityVS1
  • CutExcellent
  • CertGIA Certified
≈ R 65,000 Prices are illustrative. Live pricing varies.

Search both — side by side.

Our live inventory includes 190,000+ natural and lab-grown certified diamonds. Filter by budget, carat, shape and grade to find exactly what you are looking for.

DE·CIDE
Our Confidence Framework

This guide is built on DE·CIDE™ — the six steps to buying a diamond with complete confidence.

Every section below maps to one of these steps. Read in order, or jump directly to what you need.

Discover Explain Compare Inspect Decide Ensure
Discover · Shape

Choose your shape.

Shape is the first and most personal decision. It defines the look and character of the ring — and also affects price, face-up size, and how light performs.

Round Brilliant

Maximum brilliance. The most popular shape — 58 facets designed to reflect every ray of light.

Oval

Elongates the finger. Near-round brilliance with a softer, romantic outline and larger face-up size.

Cushion

Rounded corners and a soft square outline. Strong fire and a classic, vintage-inspired feel.

Emerald

Step-cut facets create a mirror-like hall of mirrors effect. Elegant and architectural — clarity matters more.

Princess

Square with brilliant-cut facets for strong light return. Modern and bold — the second most popular shape.

Pear

Teardrop silhouette — point worn toward fingertip elongates the hand beautifully. Distinctive and feminine.

Heart

The most romantic silhouette. Demands an Excellent cut to maintain symmetry — critical for this shape.

Marquise

Elongated pointed ellipse — the largest face-up area per carat of any shape. Makes diamonds appear larger.

Radiant

Cropped corners with brilliant facets — the brilliance of a round in a rectangular frame. Bold and modern.

Discover · Carat

Carat is weight, not size.

Two diamonds of equal carat weight can look very different. A well-cut 0.90ct can appear larger than a poorly-cut 1.00ct. What you see is always more important than what the certificate says.

0.50 ct ~5.1mm
0.70 ct ~5.7mm
0.90 ct ~6.2mm
1.00 ct ~6.5mm
1.25 ct ~7.0mm
1.50 ct ~7.4mm
2.00 ct ~8.1mm

Average diameter of a well-cut round brilliant at each weight. Measurements vary slightly by cut proportions. A shallow-cut diamond appears larger face-up but leaks light from the sides — which is why Cut always comes first.

Explain · Clarity

What does clarity mean?

Clarity measures the presence of internal inclusions and surface blemishes. Most inclusions are invisible to the naked eye — and the difference between VS2 and IF is one you will never see without a loupe.

The sweet spot is VS1–VS2.

Eye-clean at this grade range, with inclusions visible only under 10× magnification. You pay for perfection you cannot see above VS2 — and you accept visible risk below SI2.

SI1 can be eye-clean in round brilliants — the facets scatter light and hide inclusions effectively. In step cuts like emerald, SI1 requires individual inspection.

Always ask: Is this stone eye-clean? — not just what the grade says.

FL IF VVS1 VVS2 VS1 VS2 SI1 SI2 I1 I2

FL–IF

Flawless

No inclusions visible under 10× magnification. Extremely rare and commands a significant premium. Indistinguishable from VS1 to the naked eye.

Premium grade

VVS1–2

Very Very Slight

Minute inclusions — extremely difficult to find even under 10× magnification. Excellent option if budget allows.

Excellent

VS1–2

Very Slight

Minor inclusions visible only under magnification. Completely eye-clean. This is the sweet spot — maximum quality you can actually see.

Sweet spot

SI1–2

Slightly Included

Inclusions noticeable under magnification. SI1 is often eye-clean in rounds. SI2 requires individual inspection — never buy on grade alone.

Value range
Explain · Colour

Reading the colour scale.

The GIA colour scale runs D (colourless) to Z (light yellow). For most buyers, G–H is the practical ideal — it appears white in the setting and costs significantly less than the top grades.

G–H is the practical ideal.

The difference between D and G is invisible to the naked eye in a set ring. You pay a significant premium to go from G to D — and you cannot see it without a comparison stone next to it.

Metal choice affects colour: In yellow gold, an I or J colour reads as beautifully warm and appears white. In platinum or white gold, stay in the G–H range.

Lab-grown diamonds follow the same scale. The colour difference between natural and lab-grown stones at equivalent grades is imperceptible.

D–E F G H I J K–L M+

D–F

Colourless

Absolutely colourless. D is the rarest and most expensive. Indistinguishable from G–H in a setting. Best paired with platinum.

Premium tier

G–H

Near Colourless

Appears white face-up in all setting types. The best value position on the scale — eye-clean and significantly more affordable than D–F.

Sweet spot

I–J

Near Colourless

Slight warmth visible in larger stones face-up. Excellent value in yellow gold settings where the metal warms the tone beautifully.

Value in yellow gold

K–Z

Faint–Light

Visible colour tint. Generally avoided in engagement rings unless an intentional warm or champagne stone effect is desired.

Speciality use
Explain · Cut

Cut is the most important decision.

Cut grade determines how a diamond interacts with light — its brilliance, fire, and scintillation. An Excellent cut makes a lower-colour diamond outshine a high-colour stone with a Poor cut. Never compromise on Cut.

Grade
What it means
Light
Excellent
Maximum brilliance. All 58 facets aligned to reflect and refract light to its absolute peak. Only buy Excellent. This is non-negotiable.
Very Good
Excellent light performance. Slightly less precision in facet alignment — perceptible difference only under direct comparison. Acceptable if Excellent is unavailable at a specific weight.
Good
Noticeable light loss. The diamond reflects less brilliance than it could. Acceptable for side stones, not for a centre stone. Avoid unless advised by a specialist.
Fair
Significant light leaks. The stone looks dull and glassy. Avoid completely for engagement rings.
Poor
The diamond does not perform. Major light leakage from the bottom. A high-colour, high-clarity stone with Poor cut looks worse than a lower-grade Excellent.
Decide · Budget

What does your budget get you?

Diamond prices are quoted in USD and converted at live exchange rate. Rand pricing fluctuates with the market. All ranges below reflect current typical values — exact pricing depends on specific stone and availability.

Entry

Under
R 25 000

Lab-grown round brilliant, 0.50–0.80ct, G–H colour, VS2–SI1 clarity, Excellent cut. Outstanding value — a genuinely beautiful ring at this range.

Lab-grown ideal

Mid range

R 25 000 –
R 60 000

Lab-grown 1.00–1.50ct with excellent grades, or a natural 0.50–0.70ct GIA-certified stone. Both will produce a beautiful, head-turning ring.

Most popular range

Signature

R 120 000+

Natural 1ct+ GIA with top grades across all 4Cs, or lab-grown 2ct+ with exceptional clarity and Excellent cut. Complete access to our full live inventory.

Full inventory access
Not sure where to start? WhatsApp us with your budget and we will propose three options at different trade-offs — comparing weight, colour, clarity, and setting style. No pressure, no obligation. Just honest guidance.
Decide · Priority

What matters most
when choosing a diamond?

Most buyers spend hours comparing colour and clarity — and forget the one factor that affects how a diamond looks more than anything else.

Follow this order. Make every decision in sequence and you will never compromise in the wrong place.

  • 01

    The most important factor. Cut determines brilliance — how a diamond reflects and refracts light. An Excellent cut makes a lower-colour diamond outshine a higher-colour one. Never compromise here.

  • 02

    Never buy an uncertified diamond. GIA and IGI are the gold standard. Certification confirms every grade claim is independently verified and protects your investment.

  • 03

    Round brilliant maximises light return. Oval, emerald, and cushion offer character. Shape is personal — but it also affects face-up size and price per carat.

  • 04

    Carat is weight, not size. Two diamonds of the same carat can look very different based on cut proportions. A well-cut 0.90ct often looks larger than a poorly-cut 1.00ct.

  • 05

    G–H colour and VS1–VS2 clarity is the sweet spot for most buyers: eye-clean, visually near-colourless, and significantly more affordable than top grades.

Ensure · Certification

Never buy without a certificate.

A diamond certificate is an independent grading report from a recognised gemological laboratory. It confirms that every characteristic of your diamond — cut, colour, clarity, and carat — has been objectively verified by a third party.

GIA

Gemological Institute of America

The most trusted grading laboratory in the world. GIA established the 4Cs and maintains the most consistent, stringent grading standards globally. A GIA certificate is the gold standard — full stop.

Best for: Natural diamonds. When you need absolute assurance and long-term value retention.

IGI

International Gemological Institute

The most widely used certification for lab-grown diamonds. IGI grading is widely respected and accepted across the industry. Rigorous, reliable, and the standard for most lab-grown stones.

Best for: Lab-grown diamonds. Where GIA is not always available and IGI fills the gap without compromise.

Every diamond sold through Diamond Emporium comes with an independent certificate. We do not sell uncertified stones. The certificate travels with the diamond — it is your permanent record, insurance reference, and resale documentation. Keep it.
Ready to Choose with Confidence

You have the knowledge.
Now find the diamond.

190 000+ GIA and IGI certified natural and lab-grown diamonds, searchable by cut, colour, clarity, carat, and shape. Build your ring in the Ring Studio — or WhatsApp us and we will guide you through every decision.